Paul M. Lefkovitz, Ph.D. is a licensed clinical psychologist whose work has encompassed clinical, administrative, research, and consultative roles in the areas of behavioral health service delivery and performance measurement. Since 1974, he has held progressive leadership positions within the hospital and community-based sectors of the industry including several years at the CEO level. He has been an active contributor to the professional literature and presents regularly at regional and national conferences. He is a past-president of the Association for Ambulatory Behavioral Healthcare and continues to serve on the National Advisory Panel of its Board of Directors. He is also immediate past-Chair of the Joint Commission’s Behavioral Health Professional and Technical Advisory Committee. In addition, he has served as a Clinical Associate Professor at the Indiana University School of Medicine. He was the Associate Editor of the International Journal of Partial Hospitalization and Continuum. Dr. Lefkovitz is active in behavioral health advocacy groups and serves on the Boards of Mental Health America in Indiana, The Indiana Mental Health Foundation, and the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill-Indianapolis Chapter.

Selected Addresses and Publications

• Process Benchmarking: A Portal to Best Practices. National Council for Community Behavioral Healthcare Annual Conference, Boston, May 1, 2008.
• Rushing, Susan and Lefkovitz, Paul M. (2008). Learning from Top Performers. Behavioral Healthcare Magazine, 28 (2): 28-30
• Partial Hospitalization History and National Benchmark Data. Congressional Briefing Sponsored by Rep. E.B. Johnson, Washington, D.C., March 13 and June 10, 2008.
• Lefkovitz, Paul M. (2007). Benchmarking for Best Practices. National Council Magazine, Vol. 3: 19
• Lefkovitz, P.M. (2005) Process Benchmarking: Moving Beyond the Numbers. Behavioral Healthcare Tomorrow, October, 18-23.
• Lefkovitz, P.M. (2004) Benchmarking: A Gateway to Best Practices. Behavioral Health Management, 24(6), 16-20.
• Lefkovitz, P.M. (2004) Beyond Outcomes: Benchmarking in Behavioral Health Care. Behavioral Healthcare Tomorrow, February, 32-37.
• Kiser, Laurel, Lefkovitz, Paul M., and Kennedy, Larry. (2001) The integrated behavioral health continuum: Theory and Practice. Washington D.C.: American Psychiatric Press, Inc.
• Lefkovitz, P.M. (1997). Innovations in Continuum Integration and Build-Out. Behavioral Healthcare Tomorrow Annual Conference, Institute for Behavioral Health, Washington, D.C.
• Lefkovitz, P.M. (1995). Milieu: Therapeutic Key to the Entire Continuum. American Association for Partial Hospitalization Annual Conference (Keynote Plenary Address), Denver, Colorado.
• Kiser, L.J., Lefkovitz, P.M., and Kennedy, L.L. (1993). The continuum of ambulatory mental health programs. Behavioral Healthcare Tomorrow, 2(4): 14-16.
• Lefkovitz, Paul M., Morrison, Dennis P., and Davis, H.J. (1982). The Assessment of Current Functioning Scale. Journal of Psychiatric Treatment and Evaluation. 4: 297-305.
• Lefkovitz, Paul M. (1979). Linking program evaluation to the treatment process in a partial hospitalization setting. In G. Landsberg, W.D. Neigher, R.J. Hammer,, C. Windle and R. Woy (Eds.), Evaluation in Practice: A Sourcebook of Program Evaluation Studies from Mental Health Care Systems in the United States. U.S. DHEW.
• Lefkovitz, Paul M. (1974). Program evaluation in a day treatment center. Goal Attainment Review. 1: 44-48

Over the past thirty-five years David has served on the Clinical Psychology faculty at SUNY-Albany, and has held a variety of leadership positions across the behavioral health, child welfare, and juvenile justice arenas. He has served as Director of Child and Adolescent Services in the New York State Office of Mental Health, as well as being responsible for continuous quality improvement, outcome evaluation, and professional standards in two different comprehensive child and family serving organizations in Pennsylvania. He has published numerous professional articles.

Dr. Doty has been on the Board of Directors of the Pennsylvania Community Providers Association for 20 years, including serving as President from 1994-95 and as Co-Chair of the PCPA benchmarking initiative for over five years. As an independent consultant he has assisted numerous client organizations achieving JCAHO Accreditation and strategic planning, as well as with the development of outcome management and performance improvement programs.

In his private life Dr. Doty currently has served as President of the Board of Directors of Wyoming Valley Habitat for Humanity and as a Board member of the Interfaith Center for Peace and Justice in Wilkes-Barre, PA. He enjoys sharing life and as much time as possible with his wife, Susan, and their five children and five granddaughters.

Selected Publications and Presentations

• Doty, D.W., McInnis, T., Paul, G.L. Remediation of negative side effects of an ongoing response-cost system with chronic mental patients. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1974, 7, 191-198.
• McInnis, T.L., Himelstein, H., Doty, D.W., and Paul, G.L. Modification of sampling exposure procedures for increasing facilities utilization by chronic psychiatric patients. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 1974, 5, 119-127.
• Doty, D.W. Role-playing and incentives in the modification of the social interaction of chronic psychiatric patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1975, 43, 676-682.
• Doty, D.W. Managed Foster Care: Opportunity or Oxymoron? OPEN MINDS: The Behavioral Healthcare Industry Analyst, April, 1995.
• Doty, D.W. Can Long-Term Care Services Be Managed? OPEN MINDS: The Behavioral Healthcare Industry Analyst, September 1995.
• Doty, D.W. Can Managed Care Work for the Developmentally Disabled? OPEN MINDS: The Behavioral Healthcare Industry Analyst, February, 1996.
• Doty, D.W. The Essential Children’s Services Planner: Managed Care Preparedness, Program Redesign, and Business Development. CentraLink Publishers: Tiburon, CA, 1996.
• “Preparing Your Treatment Foster Care Organization to Survive and Thrive in Managed Environments”. Special Pre-Conference Institute presented at Foster Family-based Treatment Association Annual Conference, Little Rock, AR, July 1996.
• Pennsylvania Community Providers Association & Doty, D.W. Mission Possible: Visions and Recommendations for Improving the Management of Services for Individuals with Long-term Social, Medical, and Developmental Needs, 1997.
• “Outcome Management: Principles and Pitfalls” presentation at Institute for International Research Conference on “Providing Child Welfare Services in a Managed Care Environment”, Chicago, IL, April, 1997.
• “From Outcome Evaluation to Outcome Management: Taking Outcomes to the Next Level” a workshop conducted at the Annual Foster Family-based Treatment Association Conference, Toronto, Canada, July, 1997
• “Outcomes, Productivity, and Performance Management”; all-day workshop conducted for the Child Care Association of Illinois; Springfield, Illinois, June 1998.
• “Outcomes Management: Resolving Confusion and Paradox” a workshop conducted for the Pennsylvania Community Providers Association Annual Conference; October, 2001.
• Invited Facilitator for Pennsylvania Community Providers Association Strategic Planning Retreat; April 2003, 2004, and 2005 and for Pennsylvania Association of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Services Strategic Planning Retreat; July 2006.

Mischelle Finchum is the Technical Support Coordinator at Behavioral Pathway Systems. Mischelle comes to BPS with 18 years of rich experience providing support to many areas in the human services field. Prior to joining BPS, she served as Information Specialist for five years in the Quality Assurance Department of a human services agency. She has extensive technical experience using Microsoft Office Applications: Access, Excel, Outlook, and Word. Mischelle is a very enthusiastic supporter of benchmarking and is highly committed to excellence in the provision of customer support.

Stephen Foster has over 20 years experience providing information systems management and design. He possesses several certifications from technology vendors such as Microsoft, Novell, and Hewlett Packard. His experience includes executive and director level management, consulting, software development, database design, and team mentoring in both external client and internal support environments. Stephen has worked for BPS for over three years and is looking forward to helping BPS continue to meet their customers' needs through efficient and effective technology solutions.

Jason Luellen has a master’s degree in clinical psychology from Middle Tennessee State University, a doctoral degree in experimental psychology with an emphasis on research design and statistics from the University of Memphis, and served as a postdoctoral fellow for the Institute for Education Sciences’ Experimental Education Research Training (ExpERT) program at Vanderbilt University. He is an active member of the American Evaluation Association and presents regularly at their annual conference. His personal program of research has focused largely on causal inference, especially understanding and improving the estimates of treatment effects from quasi-experiments given the problem of selection bias. This includes a number of completed and on-going projects on propensity score analysis. He also has interests in applying statistics to data from business and clinical systems to facilitate business and clinical decision making, respectively.

Selected Publications and Presentations

• Wickwire, Jr., E., Whelan, J. P., Meyers, A., McCausland, C., Luellen, J., & Studaway, A. (2008). Environmental correlates of gambling behavior among college students: A partial application of Problem Behavior Theory. Journal of College Student Development, 49(5), 459-475.
• Wickwire, Jr., E., Whelan, J. P., West, R., Meyers, A., McCausland, C., & Luellen, J. (2007). Perceived availability, risks, and benefits of gambling among college students. Journal of Gambling Studies, 23(4), 395-408.
• Luellen, J. K., Shadish, W. R., & Clark, M. H. (2005). Propensity scores: An introduction and experimental test. Evaluation Review, 29(6), 530-558.

• Shadish, W. R., & Luellen, J. K. (2006). Quasi-experimental design. In J. L. Green, G. Camilli, & P. B. Elmore (Eds.), Complimentary methods for research in education (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association.
• Shadish, W. R., & Luellen, J. K. (2005). Regression discontinuity design. In B. Everitt & D. Howell (Eds.), Encyclopedia of statistics in behavioral science. New York: Wiley.
• Shadish, W. R., & Luellen, J. K. (2004). Donald Campbell: The accidental evaluator. In M. C. Alkin (Ed.), Evaluation roots: Tracing theorists’ views and influences (pp. 80-87). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

• Luellen, J. K., & Cordray, D. S. (2008, November). Propensity score analysis versus traditional regression adjustment for covariates: A Monte Carlo study. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Evaluation Association, Denver, CO.
• Luellen, J. K. (2007, November). A simulation study comparing propensity score methods. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Evaluation Association, Baltimore, MD.
• Hu, X, Luellen, J. K., Okwumabua, T. M., Xu, Y., & Mo, L. (2007, April). Observational findings from a Web-based intelligent tutoring system: Elimination of racial disparities in an undergraduate behavioral statistics course. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL.

• Luellen, J. K., & Cordray, D. S. (2008, June). Determining the number of strata to use when adjusting for confounding using the propensity score: A simulation study. Poster session presented at the annual research conference of the Institute of Education Sciences, Washington, DC.
• Luellen, J. K., Cordray, D. S., & Williams, L. K. (2008, March). Assessing the adequacy of a propensity score model. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New York, NY.

• "Practical Applications of Propensity Scores". Workshop presented at the annual meeting of the American Evaluation Association, Baltimore, MD, November 7, 2007 (with M.H. Clark).
• “Propensity Score Analysis: An Introduction and Simulation Study”. Vanderbilt University, February 15, 2007.

Dennis (Denny) Morrison has served in a diversity of clinical, administrative, academic, and consultative roles in the behavioral health field since 1969. A psychologist by training, he has held leadership positions in the community behavioral health, private hospital, managed care, and outcome product sectors of the industry. He is a national leader in the field of evidence-based practices, clinical informatics, and performance measurement. Dr. Morrison has served as a consultant to over fifty organizations throughout the US and is on the consultant panel of the National Council for Community Behavioral Healthcare. He has published numerous articles and book chapters and has been a sought-out and popular speaker at many national and regional conferences. He served as a member of the Board of Directors of the Mental Health Corporations of America and also as a Steering Committee member of the International Initiative for Mental Health Leadership. For 13 years he served as the CEO of the Center for Behavioral Health in Bloomington, Indiana. Under his leadership, the Center became the first behavioral health organization to win the JCAHO Codman Award for excellence in the use of outcomes measurement to achieve health care quality improvement; the second behavioral health organization to win the HIMSS Davies Award; and the only healthcare organization of any kind to win both. He is currently the CEO of the Centerstone Research Institute (CRI) based in Bloomington, Indiana.

Selected Addresses and Publications

• Rhea, K. and Morrison, D.P. (2007) Psychiatrists Balancing Act. Behavioral Healthcare November
• Morrison, D.P. (2007) The EHR was just the beginning. Behavioral Healthcare. February
• Morrison, D.P. (2006) When the Computer Offers Advice. Behavioral Healthcare. October
• Morrison, D.P. (2006) Before an EHR, You Must Endure a Paper Cut. Behavioral Healthcare. March
• Morrison, D.P. (2006) Lead – Don’t Manage – EHR Adoption. Behavioral Healthcare. January
• Morrison, D.P. (2004). Real World Use of Evidence-Based Treatments in Community Behavioral Health Care. Psychiatric Services. May.
• Morrison, D.P. (2003). Use Caution with Evidence-Based Treatments in Systems of Behavioral Healthcare. Behavioral Healthcare Tomorrow. June
• Morrison, D.P. (1996). The Clinician as Informatics Expert. In N. Cummings and J. Cummings (Eds.) Surviving the Demise of Solo Practice: Mental Health Practitioners Prospering in the Era of Managed Care. Madison, CT: Psychosocial Press.
• Morrison, D.P. (1996). Customer Service in Behavioral Healthcare. In C. Stout (Ed.) The Complete Guide to Managed Behavioral Healthcare. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
• Morrison, D.P. (1996). Automating Clinical Outcomes Assessment. In C. Stout (Ed.) The Complete Guide to Managed Behavioral Healthcare. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
• Morrison, D.P. (1994). Computer-Based Outcomes Management. Behavioral Informatics Tomorrow Conference, San Diego, CA.
• Morrison, D.P. (1993). Automated Assessment: Return on Investment. In B. Schlosser, K.L. Moreland, E.L. Betts, S. Marcus, S.J. Stein, & R.B Tower (Eds.) Taming Technology: Issues, Strategies and Resources for the Mental Health Practitioner. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Morrison, D.P. (1991). Integrating consumerism into clinical care delivery: The role of the therapist.
  Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 19, 103-119.